COMPUTER
Full form-
C - Common
O - Operator
M - Machine
P - Particular
U - User
T – Trade
E – Education
R – Research
Father of
computer - Charles Babbage
Principal
of Computer- Garbage in -
Garbage out
Definition of Computer-Computer is an advance electronic data
processing device,which is used solving problems quickly and easily. A computer
accepts data from an input device and processes it into useful information
which is displays on its output device.
Elementary
word related to computer
Ø
Data – Data
is information required by the computer to be able to operate or to put it the
other way information we put into the computer is called data. Generally it is
divided into three types:
Numeric
data, Alphabetic data, alphanumeric data.
Ø
Information
– Information is well organized data which we get after processing of data
and it help in decision making. It is processed data that is organized,
meaningful, and useful.
Characteristic
of Computer
1. SPEED : Computer is very fast calculating device. It can execute basic
operations like subtraction,addition,multiplication and division at a few
microseconds. It can move and copy data at a speed in the order of billion
instruction per second.
2. ACCURACY : Computer
always gives accurate results. The accuracy of Computer does not go down when
they are used continuously for hours together.It always gives accurate results.
3. STORAGE CAPACITY : Computer have a very large storage capacity. A
large volume of information can be stored in the memory of computer and
information can be retrieved correctly when desired.
4. DILLIGENCE : A Computer can work for long hours with the same accuracy
and speed because it is free from problems of boredom or lack of concentration.
5. VERSATILITY : The working of computer with different types of data is known as
versatility. That means computer can perform different types of job
efficiently. Computer can works with different type of data and information
such as visuals, text, graphics &
video etc.
6. NO THOUGHTS : Computers have no thoughts because they are machine
and they are devoid of emotions
Basic
application/uses of a computer
Entertainment or Recreation, Education,
Banks, Railway stations and Airports, Medical Science, business, Defense,
Designing, Scientific research, Administration, Publication, Communication.
Limitations
of a computer
Ø
Lack of intelligence (Programmed by human/Can’t
think)
Ø
Prone to virus
Ø
Depends on electricity
Function of
a computer
Data Collection Data Storage Data Processing Data
Output
Development
of Computer
Introduction – Computer
is a man-made electronic machine that changes the way we work, live, and play.
A machine that has done all this and more, now exists in nearly every business
and one out of every two households.
Evolution
of computers
1.
Abacus:
The abacus was developed in china
about 5000 years ago. It is the first computer.
2.
Pascal
calculator: The first real mechanical calculator was invented by a French
scientist and mathematician Blasé Pascal, around 645.
3.
Analytical
Engine: In 1801, Joseph Marie Jacquard perfected the idea of the automated
weaving loom.
In 1820 Charles Babbage, a British
mathematician and inventor, designed and built the mechanical calculator and
the Difference Engine on principles that anticipated the modern electronic
computer. The concept Babbage put forward was eventually used by engineers in
the development of the first computer prototype. For the reason Charles Babbage
is known as father of computing.
Charles Babbage is called as “Father of Computer” .He
invented difference engine and then analytical engine , which can store the
information on punch cards.
In 1842 Lady Lovelace wrote a demonstration
program and her contribution to binary arithmetic was later used by John v
Neumann in developing the modern computer. So she is often regarded the “first
computer programmer”.
4.
Herman
Hollerith Created Punched cards that resemble today’s computer cards.
5.
First
Electronic Computer (ENIAC) – (Electronic Numerical Integration And
Computer)
In 1944 John Mauchley, an American
physicist, and J. Presper Eckert, an American engineer, proposed an electronic
digital computer, and completed it in 1946
which is regarded as the first successful general digital computer.
6.
Stored
Program Concept (EDSAC): (Electronic Delay Storage Automatic Computer)
(1946-52)
7.
UNIVAC 1
: (Universal Automatic Computer) (1951-54)
In 1951 it was introduced and become the
first commercially available computer. The UNIVAC 1 was characteristic of the
first generation of computers.
For more study- join facebook page- https://www.facebook.com/prabhatstudy/?
No comments:
Post a Comment